"According to Kuo, Apple's system relies on four main components: a structured light transmitter, structure light receiver, front camera and time of flight/proximity sensor.
Kuo points out that structured light transmitter and receiver setups have distance constraints. With an estimated 50 to 100 centimeter hard cap, Apple needs to include a proximity sensor capable of performing time of flight calculations. The analyst believes data from this specialized sensor will be employed to trigger user experience alerts. For example, a user might be informed that they are holding an iPhone too far or too close to their face for optimal 3D sensing."
There was a time-of-flight sensor in the iPhone 7 series http://www.techinsights.com/about-techinsights/overview/blog/stmicroelectronics-time-of-flight-sensors-and-the-starship-enterprise/
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