Link: https://home.dartmouth.edu/news/2026/01/eric-fossum-awarded-draper-prize-engineering
Eric R. Fossum, the John H. Krehbiel Sr. Professor for Emerging Technologies, has been awarded the 2026 Charles Stark Draper Prize for Engineering, which is granted every two years by the National Academy of Engineering and is one of the world’s preeminent honors for engineering achievement.
The NAE recognized Fossum “for innovation, development, and commercialization of the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor active pixel image sensor,” an invention that remains the core technology behind roughly 7 billion cameras produced each year.
“Eric Fossum is a pioneering semiconductor device physicist and engineer whose invention of the CMOS active pixel image sensor, or ‘camera on a chip,’ has transformed imaging across everyday life, industry, and scientific discovery,” the NAE said in announcing the prize, which includes a $500,000 cash award.
The honor is the latest in a string of accolades for Fossum, who in addition to his role as a professor at Thayer School of Engineering also serves as vice provost for entrepreneurship and technology transfer and directs the PhD Innovation Program.
His other honors include the Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering, the National Medal for Technology and Innovation awarded at a White House ceremony last year, and a Technical Emmy Award recognizing the transformative impact of Fossum’s invention.
Today, CMOS image sensors, which were intended to make digital cameras for space faster, better, and cheaper, are behind billions of captures in a vast variety of settings—selfies, high-definition videos, dental X-rays, and space images.
“Eric Fossum’s inventions have revolutionized digital imaging across industries,” says President Sian Leah Beilock. “His work is a prime example of how the applied research our faculty foster and undertake can drive innovation and improve our world.”
Research for NASA
Tasked with creating smaller cameras for NASA spacecraft that would use less energy, Fossum led the team that invented and developed the CMOS image sensor technology at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology in the 1990s. The CMOS image sensor integrated all the essential camera functions on a single piece of silicon—each chip contained arrays of light-sensitive pixels, each with its own amplifier.
Fossum recalls the moment when their first image sensor worked flawlessly in testing. It was a eureka moment, but only in hindsight. His initial reaction was tempered by caution. “It seemed so straightforward that I figured others must have tried this before, and there must be a fatal flaw somewhere. So, it was exhilarating to see that it was working,” he says.
The CMOS sensor was commercialized through Photobit, the company he co-founded and helped lead until its acquisition by Micron.
As the CMOS sensor grew in sophistication, so too did its impact, finding applications in both predictable and surprising ways, such as swallowable pill cameras that can take images inside the body and the explosion of smartphone cameras, which forever changed how we capture and share our lives.
“The impact it has had on social justice has been huge, which I did not anticipate at all, and is truly gratifying. It protects people that might otherwise be powerless, and those with power from false accusations,” Fossum says.
Fossum, a Connecticut native, received a bachelor of science degree in physics and engineering from Trinity College, and a PhD in engineering and applied science from Yale in 1984. Prior to his work at the Jet Propulsion Lab, he was a faculty member at Columbia University. After leading several startups, consulting, and co-founding the International Image Sensor Society, he joined Dartmouth in 2010.
Fossum’s many other honors include the NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal, the IEEE Jun-ichi Nishizawa Medal, and induction into the U.S. Space Foundation Technology Hall of Fame in 1999 and the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2011. He also served as CEO of Siimpel, developing MEMS devices for autofocus in smartphone camera modules, and worked as a consultant for Samsung on time-of-flight sensor development. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the National Academy of Inventors, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and Optica.
Counting photons: The future of imaging
Fossum continues to push the boundaries of imaging. His more recent invention, the quanta image sensor, was developed at Dartmouth and enables high-resolution imaging in extremely low-light conditions.
“We’re working on sensors that can count photons, one at a time,” he says. “Imagine being able to take a photo in almost complete darkness or measuring extremely faint signals in biology. It’s like turning the lights on in a place that was previously invisible to us.”
Fossum and two of his former Dartmouth students co-founded Gigajot to commercialize the technology.
“Eric’s achievements are not the result of a single breakthrough, but of sustained curiosity and a focus on real-world impact,” says Douglas Van Citters ’99, Thayer ’03, ’06, interim Thayer dean. “To this day, he brings exceptional dedication to teaching and research, along with a passion for entrepreneurship that permeates Dartmouth, especially Thayer. And that spirit has inspired generations of engineers at Dartmouth who, like Eric, are committed to improving lives through the technologies they create.”
When asked about where he sees the field of imaging in the next decade, Fossum imagines a world where great images can be captured using a handful of photons and where computational imaging allows humans to see the world in ways eyes themselves never could.
“The ability to capture images in low light will continue to improve,” he predicts. “And we’re likely to see a proliferation of augmented reality technologies that will change the way we experience the world around us.”
In his mind, the grand challenge ahead is miniaturization—creating sensors with pixels so tiny that they become smaller than the wavelength of light itself. With this breakthrough, imaging technology could scale to the point where a single chip contains billions of pixels, opening new possibilities for everything from medical diagnostics to space exploration.
Along with his continuing work on sensors, Fossum draws from his extensive experience in innovation and entrepreneurship in his role as vice provost and in overseeing the PhD Innovation Program.
He says that the program trains students not just to think creatively but to apply their research in ways that have a meaningful impact.
“It is just so much more satisfying to make a real impact with the work that you do,” he says.
The awards ceremony is scheduled for Feb. 18 in Washington, D.C. As he did with the Queen Elizabeth prize, Fossum plans to donate the majority of the Draper Prize funds to STEM-related charities.