Don-Uk Choi's old twit from 2018 predicts 4 stage of under-display fingerprint sensors which quite nicely fits today's market state:
According to the same source, both Goodix and Egis are developing ToF-based iris-recognition cameras for smartphones: "Both Goodix and EgisTech are expected to prepare Iris-facial recognition solution using ToF sensor. They are expected to be developing using ML, DL, and computer vision algorithms."
IHS Markit publishes its analysis of the optical fingerprint market:
"Major smartphone brands, except Apple, have been increasing their FoD adoptions since the first quarter of 2019. As a result, there were more than 40 smartphone models equipped with FoD solutions. Thanks to the technical maturity and the FoD module ASP dropping from $8 (the first quarter) to $5 (the third quarter) in 2019, its take-off growth increased from 30 million units (2018) to more than 200 million units (2019). Additionally, tier-one smartphones received even better offers that were lower than $5 toward the end of 2019.
After comparing it to 3D facial recognition, which has issues with its algorithm, module stability, and supply chain in the non-Apple camp, smartphone brands excluding Apple chose to adopt FoD instead of 3D facial recognition in 2019. Smartphone brands upgraded their biometric ID with cost-effective and stable FoD solutions rather than 3D facial recognition.
CIS optical imaging solutions accounted for more than 75% of the shipments in 2019, while the remaining share went to ultrasonic solutions. The optical lens type of CIS optical imaging replaced the pinhole type in the first quarter of 2018 and later became the most popular technology in 2019. Despite having a module thickness of more than 3.5 mm, the optical lens type was generally adopted since the second quarter of 2019 because of its affordability. The microlens type was proposed in the third quarter of 2019 to improve the module thickness to 0.5–0.6 mm."
Apple always says it doesn't do things just because others are doing it, but in this case it seems not incorporating FoD is like not including a camera, or a bluetooth, or an LED flash in the smartphone.
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